Plasmid
A Small Circular Dna Molecule Found In Bacteria That Can Replicate Independently And Is Often Used As A Vector.

Vector
A Carrier Such As A Plasmid Or Virus Used To Transfer Dna Into A Host Cell.

Restriction Enzyme
An Enzyme That Cuts Dna At Specific Sequences, Used In Genetic Engineering.

Gel Electrophoresis
A Technique Used To Separate Dna, Rna, Or Proteins Based On Size And Charge.

PCR
Polymerase Chain Reaction, A Technique Used To Amplify Dna Sequences For Analysis.

Genomic Library
A Collection Of Dna Fragments That Represent The Entire Genome Of An Organism.

Genome Sequencing
The Process Of Determining The Complete Dna Sequence Of An Organism Genome.

Operon Model
A Concept Describing How Operons Regulate Gene Expression In Prokaryotes.

Histone
A Protein That Helps Package Dna Into Chromatin And Plays A Role In Gene Regulation.

Chromatin
A Complex Of Dna And Proteins That Forms Chromosomes Within The Nucleus.