Punnett Square
A Diagram Used To Predict The Possible Genotypes And Phenotypes Of Offspring.

Heterozygous
A Genotype In Which The Two Alleles For A Trait Are Different.

Homozygous
A Genotype In Which Both Alleles For A Trait Are The Same.

Recessive Allele
An Allele Whose Effect Is Masked By A Dominant Allele In A Heterozygous Genotype.

Dominant Allele
An Allele That Masks The Expression Of A Recessive Allele In A Heterozygous Genotype.

Phenotype
The Observable Traits Of An Organism Resulting From The Interaction Of Its Genotype And Environment.

Genotype
The Genetic Makeup Of An Organism, Represented By Its Set Of Alleles.

Frameshift Mutation
A Mutation Caused By Insertion Or Deletion Of Nucleotides That Alters The Reading Frame During Translation.

Point Mutation
A Change In A Single Nucleotide In Dna, Potentially Altering A Gene Product.

Mutation Rate
The Frequency At Which Mutations Occur In A Population Or Genome Over Time.